Search CTL/CD8+ T-Cell Epitope Database

Found 24 matching records:

Displaying record number 59678

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*29)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA A*29; it was recognized by 2/18 A*29-positive subjects and 1/165 A*29-negative subjects.

References

Pereyra2014 Florencia Pereyra, David Heckerman, Jonathan M. Carlson, Carl Kadie, Damien Z. Soghoian, Daniel Karel, Ariel Goldenthal, Oliver B. Davis, Charles E. DeZiel, Tienho Lin, Jian Peng, Alicja Piechocka, Mary Carrington, and Bruce D. Walker. HIV Control Is Mediated in Part by CD8+ T-Cell Targeting of Specific Epitopes. J. Virol., 88(22):12937-12948, Nov 2014. PubMed ID: 25165115. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 57535

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	F9GL
Species (MHC/HLA)	human, transgenic mouse(B*07)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection, vaccine
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Chromium-release assay, HLA binding
Keywords	subtype comparisons, vaccine-induced immune responses, variant cross-reactivity, vaccine antigen design

Vaccine Details

Vaccine type	polyepitope
Vaccine strain	multiple epitope immunogen
Vaccine component	HIV-1

Notes

The study objective was to design a vaccine construct containing HIV-1 epitopes that would generate broad CD8+ responses. Among 14 known B7-restricted epitopes, 11 induced a response in B*07 transgenic mice. Among 11 novel candidate epitopes, all induced a response in B*07 mice, and all induced a response in at least 1 human B7+ donor. Immunological recognition of these epitopes was confirmed in HLA-B*0702 HIV-1-infected individuals.
FPRIWLHGL is a known B07 epitope that was recognized by 6/12 B*07 transgenic mice.
This epitope was recognized by 6/8 HLA-B*0702 HIV-1-infected individuals.
Intersubtype variants FPRpWLHGL and FPRIWLHsL exhibited good cross-recognition in mice immunized with FPRIWLHGL.

References

Cardinaud2009 Sylvain Cardinaud, Romain Bouziat, Pierre-Simon Rohrlich, Sophie Tourdot, Laurence Weiss, Pierre Langlade-Demoyen, Anne Burgevin, Susana Fiorentino, Peter van Endert, and François A. Lemonnier. Design of a HIV-1-Derived HLA-B07.02-Restricted Polyepitope Construct. AIDS, 23(15):1945-1954, 24 Sep 2009. PubMed ID: 19644347. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 59674

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*07)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*07; it was recognized by 10/38 B*07-positive subjects and 25/293 B*07-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 52549

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*0702)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	optimal epitope

References

Llano2019 Anuska Llano, Samandhy Cedeño, Sandra Silva Arrieta, and Christian Brander. The 2019 Optimal HIV CTL Epitopes Update: Growing Diversity in Epitope Length and HLA restriction. 2019. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 53915

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*0702)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A0301, A2301, B0702, B1503
Country	United States
Experimental methods
Keywords	escape, acute/early infection

Notes

Full HIV genomes from nine individuals were analyzed for mutations prior to seroconversion and 7 to 28 days later. It was found that the influence of the host's HLA type was reflected within weeks of infection; a statistically significant number of early nonsynonymous mutations were observed within previously reported CTL epitopes.
H to Y mutation was observed in position 7.

References

Bernardin2005 Flavien Bernardin, Denice Kong, Lorraine Peddada, Lee Ann Baxter-Lowe, and Eric Delwart. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mutations During the First Month of Infection are Preferentially Found in Known Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes. J. Virol., 79(17):11523-11528, Sep 2005. PubMed ID: 16103205. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 1265

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42 SF2)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*0702)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	acute/early infection

Notes

CTL responses against HIV-1 Vpr, Vpu, and Vif were analyzed in multiple HIV-1-infected individuals.
This epitope was recognized by 2/2 individuals expressing B*8101 allele and 4/8 individuals expressing B*0702 allele.
Individuals with long-term nonprogressive and treated chronic HIV-1 infection targeted Vpr more frequently than individuals with treated acute infection.
Vpr is a frequent target of HIV-1 specific CD8+ T-cells -- a response was detected in 45% of individuals tested and Vpr and p17 were the most preferentially targeted proteins per unit length by CD8+ T-cells.
HIV+ individual AC-06 was tested for reactive overlapping peptides spanning all HIV-1 proteins in an ELISPOT and was found to react with 12 peptides from 7 proteins, suggesting that the breadth of CTL responses are underestimated if accessory proteins are not included in the study.
FPRIWLHGL was the only epitope identified in Vpr for AC-06.

References

Altfeld2001c M. Altfeld, M. M. Addo, R. L. Eldridge, X. G. Yu, S. Thomas, A. Khatri, D. Strick, M. N. Phillips, G. B. Cohen, S. A. Islam, S. A. Kalams, C. Brander, P. J. Goulder, E. S. Rosenberg, B. D. Walker, and The HIV Study Collaboration.. Vpr is preferentially targeted by CTL during HIV-1 infection. J. Immunol., 167(5):2743-52, 1 Sep 2001. URL: http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/2743. PubMed ID: 11509618. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 52408

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*0702)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	early-expressed proteins

Notes

CTL responses against regulatory and accessory proteins in 70 HIV-1 infected patients were studied using overlapping peptides and Elispot.
28% targeted one or more overlapping Tat peptides; 36%, Rev peptides; 33%, Vif peptides; 40%, Vpr peptides; and 2%, Vpu peptides.
All known optimally defined epitopes were summarized for the five proteins.

References

Addo2002a M. M. Addo, X. G. Yu, E. S. Rosenberg, B. D. Walker, and M. Altfeld. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL) Responses Directed against Regulatory and Accessory Proteins in HIV-1 Infection. DNA Cell Biol., 21(9):671-678, Sep 2002. PubMed ID: 12396610. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 59676

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*08)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*08; it was recognized by 3/17 B*08-positive subjects and 5/197 B*08-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 59675

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*1510)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*1510; it was recognized by 2/4 B*1510-positive subjects and 12/237 B*1510-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 59677

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*39)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*39; it was recognized by 4/23 B*39-positive subjects and 8/214 B*39-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 59680

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*40)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*40; it was recognized by 2/14 B*40-positive subjects and 3/183 B*40-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 59673

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*4201)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*4201; it was recognized by 4/8 B*4201-positive subjects and 21/285 B*4201-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 54334

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	B7-FL9(Vpr)
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B7)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ
Keywords	rate of progression, immunodominance, early-expressed proteins

Notes

Immunodominant HIV epitopes in early, primary infection of CTLs were identified and the relative contribution of immune responses restricted to individual HLA class I molecules were studied.
The most frequently recognised epitopes also elicited the greatest CTL response.
HIV-1 Epitope sequence variability was not correlated with immunodominant versus immune sub-dominant responses.
HLA-B*57 and HLA-B*27 restricted responses were the strongest in these early and acute infections - due to dominant responses to a single epitope in each case (TW10 for B*57 and KK10 for B*27).
In the presence of HLA-B*57 and HLA-B*27 restricted responses, the relative contribution of other restricting HLA dropped greatly.

References

Altfeld2006 Marcus Altfeld, Elizabeth T. Kalife, Ying Qi, Hendrik Streeck, Mathias Lichterfeld, Mary N. Johnston, Nicole Burgett, Martha E. Swartz, Amy Yang, Galit Alter, Xu G. Yu, Angela Meier, Juergen K. Rockstroh, Todd M. Allen, Heiko Jessen, Eric S. Rosenberg, Mary Carrington, and Bruce D. Walker. HLA Alleles Associated with Delayed Progression to AIDS Contribute Strongly to the Initial CD8+ T Cell Response against HIV-1. PLoS Med., 3(10):e403, Oct 2006. PubMed ID: 17076553. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 53553

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B7)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A1, A3, B57, B7, Cw6, Cw7
Country	United States
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ
Keywords

Notes

Two-thirds of all mutations arising in non-envelope proteins during the transition from acute to chronic infection were found to be due to either CD8 T-cell-associated selective pressures or reversion of HLA-I-associated mutations selected in a previous host.The predominance of escape mutations at highly polymorphic sites was observed across different HIV-1 clades.
This epitope was reactive, but escape mutations did not accrue in it over time.

References

Allen2005a Todd M. Allen, Marcus Altfeld, Shaun C. Geer, Elizabeth T. Kalife, Corey Moore, Kristin M. O'Sullivan, Ivna DeSouza, Margaret E. Feeney, Robert L. Eldridge, Erica L. Maier, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Matthew P. Lahaie, Laura Reyor, Giancarlo Tanzi, Mary N. Johnston, Christian Brander, Rika Draenert, Jurgen K. Rockstroh, Heiko Jessen, Eric S. Rosenberg, Simon A. Mallal, and Bruce D. Walker. Selective Escape from CD8+ T-Cell Responses Represents a Major Driving Force of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Sequence Diversity and Reveals Constraints on HIV-1 Evolution. J. Virol., 79(21):13239-13249, Nov 2005. PubMed ID: 16227247. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 53525

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B7)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A2, B44, B7, Cw5, Cw7
Country	United States
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ
Keywords	subtype comparisons, escape, characterizing CD8+ T cells, viral fitness and reversion

Notes

Two-thirds of all mutations arising in non-envelope proteins during the transition from acute to chronic infection were found to be due to either CD8 T-cell-associated selective pressures or reversion of HLA-I-associated mutations selected in a previous host.The predominance of escape mutations at highly polymorphic sites was observed across different HIV-1 clades.
One escape mutation, at position 8, FPRIWLHdL was found not to correspond to the most polymorphic residue in the epitope.

References

Displaying record number 52161

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	B7-FL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B7)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A3, B7, Cw7
Experimental methods
Keywords	dynamics, supervised treatment interruptions (STI), acute/early infection

Notes

CTL responses in 18 acutely HIV-infected HLA-A3 (n=7) or -B7 (n=4) or both -A3 and B7 (n=7) positive individuals were studied.
One individual, AC-06, was homozygous at all three class I alleles (A3, B7, Cw7), was treated during acute infection and had supervised treatment interruptions (STI). He had only two detectable CTL responses during acute infection, but after STI this broadened to 27 distinct epitopes including 15 restricted by HLA-A3, 11 by HLA-B7, and 1 by HLA-Cw7.
1/11 HLA-B7 individuals had detectable B7-restricted responses to this epitope during acute infection -- 10/15 of HLA-B7 epitopes tested were targeted by at least one person during acute infection. 2/4 individuals had detectable responses to this epitope after STI.

References

Yu2002b Xu G. Yu, Marylyn M. Addo, Eric S. Rosenberg, William R. Rodriguez, Paul K. Lee, Cecily A. Fitzpatrick, Mary N. Johnston, Daryld. Strick, Philip J. R. Goulder, Bruce D. Walker, and Marcus Altfeld. Consistent Patterns in the Development and Immunodominance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses Following Acute HIV-1 Infection. J. Virol., 76(17):8690-8701, Sep 2002. PubMed ID: 12163589. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 55197

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B7, B81)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ
Keywords	supertype, HLA cross-presentation

Notes

100 HIV-infected subjects were tested for response to optimally-defined CTL epitopes regardless of the subject's HLA type. Half of all detected responses were seen in the absence of the originally reported restricting HLA class I allele, and only 3% of epitopes were recognized exclusively in the presence of their original allele. Statistical and experimental methods were used to define additional HLA alleles associated with the epitopes.
In addition to its known HLA associations (B07, B81), an additional HLA (B42) was statistically predicted to be associated with this epitope.

References

Frahm2007b Nicole Frahm, Karina Yusim, Todd J. Suscovich, Sharon Adams, John Sidney, Peter Hraber, Hannah S. Hewitt, Caitlyn H. Linde, Daniel G. Kavanagh, Tonia Woodberry, Leah M. Henry, Kellie Faircloth, Jennifer Listgarten, Carl Kadie, Nebojsa Jojic, Kaori Sango, Nancy V. Brown, Eunice Pae, M. Tauheed Zaman, Florian Bihl, Ashok Khatri, Mina John, Simon Mallal, Francesco M. Marincola, Bruce D . Walker, Alessandro Sette, David Heckerman, Bette T. Korber, and Christian Brander. Extensive HLA Class I Allele Promiscuity among Viral CTL Epitopes. Eur. J. Immunol., 37(9):2419-2433, Sep 2007. PubMed ID: 17705138. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 59672

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*81)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA B*81; it was recognized by 7/10 B*81-positive subjects and 35/331 B*81-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 1264

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42 SF2)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*8101)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	acute/early infection

Notes

CTL responses against HIV-1 Vpr, Vpu, and Vif were analyzed in multiple HIV-1-infected individuals.
This epitope was recognized by 2/2 individuals expressing B*8101 allele and 4/8 individuals expressing B*0702 allele.
Individuals with long-term nonprogressive and treated chronic HIV-1 infection targeted Vpr more frequently than individuals with treated acute infection.
Vpr is a frequent target of HIV-1 specific CD8+ T-cells -- a response was detected in 45% of individuals tested and Vpr and p17 were the most preferentially targeted proteins per unit length by CD8+ T-cells.

References

Displaying record number 52603

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*8101)
Immunogen
Experimental methods
Keywords	optimal epitope

References

Displaying record number 52407

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*8101)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	early-expressed proteins

Notes

CTL responses against regulatory and accessory proteins in 70 HIV-1 infected patients were studied using overlapping peptides and Elispot.
28% targeted one or more overlapping Tat peptides; 36%, Rev peptides; 33%, Vif peptides; 40%, Vpr peptides; and 2%, Vpu peptides.
All known optimally defined epitopes were summarized for the five proteins.

References

Displaying record number 59679

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	FL9
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(C*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods	CD8 T-cell Elispot - IFNγ, Flow cytometric T-cell cytokine assay
Keywords	rate of progression, optimal epitope

Notes

Correlation between HLA class I and spontaneous control of HIV-1 was significant for 7-8 epitopes when 341 chronic, HIV-infected subjects, divided into controllers and non-controllers, were tested for EliSpot responses to 257 optimally defined epitopes. 21 epitopes were associated with viral progression. Protective epitopes tend to cluster in regions of critical stability for the protein, therefore constraining escape.
FPRIWLHGL had a significantly positive association with HLA C*02; it was recognized by 7/44 C*02-positive subjects and 14/241 C*02-negative subjects.

References

Displaying record number 52063

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	epitope processing, escape

Notes

Epitopes that have been described in the literature and included in this database tend to cluster in conserved regions and be absent or rarely found in highly variable regions in Nef, Env, and p17.
While the uneven distribution of epitopes may be in part due to a limited cross-recognition of specific responses because of differences between peptides used to probe the immune response and autologous strains, regions with a paucity of defined epitopes also had higher frequencies of amino acids that tend to not be found in C-terminal positions of epitopes, and had lower cleavage prediction scores for epitope processing. This suggests that in the regions of the virus where variation is best tolerated, traces of immune escape have left an imprint on the viral population. Epitopes also were concentrated in alpha-helix and turn regions in the proteins.
In the more conserved p24, and Pol proteins RT and Protease, epitopes are more evenly distributed.
What was learned from proteins where many epitopes have been defined (Gag, Pol, Env and Nef) was used to develop an algorithm to predict where epitopes would be localized in Rev, Tat, Vif, and Vpr. Predictions were made blinded, and then compared to the first 15 epitopes defined in these proteins; the epitopes were concentrated in the predicted regions.

References

Yusim2002 Karina Yusim, Can Kesmir, Brian Gaschen, Marylyn M. Addo, Marcus Altfeld, S\oren Brunak, Alexandre Chigaev, Vincent Detours, and Bette T. Korber. Clustering Patterns of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Proteins Reveal Imprints of Immune Evasion on HIV-1 Global Variation. J. Virol., 76(17):8757-8768, Sep 2002. PubMed ID: 12163596. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 55800

HXB2 Location	Vpr(34-42) DNA(5658..5684)	Vpr Epitope Map
Author Location	Vpr(34-42)
Epitope	`FPRIWLHGL`	Epitope Alignment
Species (MHC/HLA)	human
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Experimental methods
Keywords	computational epitope prediction, HLA associated polymorphism

Notes

976 Vpr sequences were studied from global HIV-1 isolates to comprehensively analyze amino acid polymorphisms. Since several polymorphic residues were part of CTL epitopes, HIV-1 immune evasion in Vpr is noted.
58 possible amino acid polymorphisms were defined in this previously published CTL epitope, FPRIWLHGL.
Using half-time estimates of disassociation of the molecule containing the epitope from specific HLA Class I molecules, 12 additional CTL epitopes were predicted across Vpr (Table 17).

References

Srinivasan2008 Alagarsamy Srinivasan, Velpandi Ayyavoo, Sundarasamy Mahalingam, Aarthi Kannan, Anne Boyd, Debduti Datta, Vaniambadi S. Kalyanaraman, Anthony Cristillo, Ronald G. Collman, Nelly Morellet, Bassel E. Sawaya, and Ramachandran Murali. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Naturally Occurring Polymorphisms in HIV-1 Vpr: Potential Impact on CTL Epitopes. Virol. J., 5:99, 2008. PubMed ID: 18721481. Show all entries for this paper.