Search CTL/CD8+ T-Cell Epitope Database

Found 26 matching records:

Displaying record number 54577

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HXB2 Location	Gag(71-79) p17(71-79) DNA(1000..1026)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(71-79)
Epitope	`GSEELRSLY`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	GY9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*01)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A02, B08
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
In one patient, this epitope GSEELRSLY varied at Y79F to GSEELRSLf, at an anchor position, conferring potent viral escape. One other variant seen was GSEELRSLc.

References

Karlsson2007 Annika C. Karlsson, Astrid K. N. Iversen, Joan M. Chapman, Tulio de Oliviera, Gerald Spotts, Andrew J. McMichael, Miles P. Davenport, Frederick M. Hecht, and Douglas F. Nixon. Sequential Broadening of CTL Responses in Early HIV-1 Infection Is Associated with Viral Escape. PLoS ONE, 2:e225, 2007. PubMed ID: 17311088. Show all entries for this paper.

Displaying record number 54580

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HXB2 Location	Gag(74-82) p17(74-82) DNA(1009..1035)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(74-82)
Epitope	`ELRSLYNTV`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	EV9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*08)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A01, A02
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
No CTL responses were detected against the EV9 epitope, ELRSLYNTV. A V82I variant, ELRSLYNTi was found.

References

Displaying record number 54556

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HXB2 Location	Gag(77-85) p17(77-85) DNA(1018..1044)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(77-85)
Epitope	`SLYNTVATL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	SL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
The major p17 Gag SL9 epitope, SLYNTVATL, varied to SLYNTiATL with change V82I at position 6 and SLfNTiATL with an additional change Y79F at position 3. The 79F mutant elicited lower magnitude and functional avidity responses than 82I and 79F82I mutants. Even so, in time most variants were Y79F which showed positive selection. This Y79F mutant was seen combined with upstream changes E62G/V/A. In combination with 62E and 62G however, the Y79F mutant did not propagate successfully. Later, in combination with 62A the 79F mutant coincided with increasing viral load.

References

Displaying record number 54579

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HXB2 Location	Gag(93-101) p17(93-101) DNA(1066..1092)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(93-101)
Epitope	`EVKDTKEAL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	EL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*08)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A01, A02
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
A minor response was detected against an E93D variant of this epitope, dVKDTKEAL. However, CTL responses effectively eliminated cells with this viral variant. Upstream of this epitope, EVKDTKEAL, an R91G mutation was seen that is suggested to affect processing of this EL9 epitope, such that this mutant viral population evaded immune responses restricted by HLAs A*01, A*02 and B*08. Other variants detected were EiKDTKEAL, kVKDTKEAL and EVKDTKgAL.

References

Displaying record number 54576

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HXB2 Location	Gag(147-155) p24(15-23) DNA(1228..1254)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(147-155)
Epitope	`ISPRTLNAW`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	IW9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*57)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
One patient showed an I147L mutation in the HLA-B57 restricted epitope ISPRTLNAW, to lSPRTLNAW.

References

Displaying record number 54557

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HXB2 Location	Gag(151-159) p24(19-27) DNA(1240..1266)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(151-159)
Epitope	`TLNAWVKVV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54558

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HXB2 Location	Gag(362-370) p24(230)-p2p7p1p6(7) DNA(1873..1899)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(363-370)
Epitope	`VLAEAMSQV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54559

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HXB2 Location	Gag(433-442) p2p7p1p6(70-79) DNA(2086..2115)	Gag Epitope Map
Author Location	Gag(433-442)
Epitope	`FLGKIWPSHK`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
Two patients developed responses to epitope FLGKIWPSHK during primary infection and one after primary, during early chronic infection. This was one of the epitopes targeted by broad HLA-A2-restricted CTL responses.

References

Displaying record number 54567

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HXB2 Location	Pol(101-110) Protease(45-54) DNA(2385..2414)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	Protease(45-54)
Epitope	`KMIGGIGGFI`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54568

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HXB2 Location	Pol(132-140) Protease(76-84) DNA(2478..2504)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	Protease(76-84)
Epitope	`LVGPTPVNI`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54569

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HXB2 Location	Pol(158-167) RT(3-12) DNA(2556..2585)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(3-12)
Epitope	`SPIETVPVKL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54570

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HXB2 Location	Pol(188-196) RT(33-41) DNA(2646..2672)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(33-41)
Epitope	`ALVEICTEM`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Patient MHC/HLA	A01, B08
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
In one patient, initially the consensus sequence ALVEICTEM was not found. Instead the 35I variant ALiEICTEM was seen, followed by the emergence of the 35M variant, ALmEICTEM, and finally, emergence of the consensus B sequence, ALvEICTEM. Strongest immune responses were detected to the 35M variant and weaker responses to the 35I variant, while negligible responses were seen to the consensus, ALVEICTEM. This is an example of CTL-responses against variant epitopes causing virus evolution to the consensus B sequence. Other variants that emerged were ALtEICTEM, ALiEICTEt, ALiEICTdM, ALmkICTEM and ALmEICaEM.
Responses to epitope ALVEICTEM were seen in early chronic infection. This was one of the epitopes targeted by broad HLA-A2-restricted CTL responses.

References

Displaying record number 54571

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HXB2 Location	Pol(263-273) RT(108-118) DNA(2871..2903)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(108-118)
Epitope	`VLDVGDAYFSV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54572

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HXB2 Location	Pol(334-342) RT(179-187) DNA(3084..3110)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(179-187)
Epitope	`VIYQYMDDL`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	VL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54573

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HXB2 Location	Pol(336-344) RT(181-189) DNA(3090..3116)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(181-189)
Epitope	`YQYMDDLYV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
Two patients developed responses to epitope YQYMDDLYV during primary infection and in early chronic infection.

References

Displaying record number 54574

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HXB2 Location	Pol(364-375) RT(209-220) DNA(3174..3209)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(209-220)
Epitope	`LLRWGLTTPDKK`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54575

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HXB2 Location	Pol(464-472) RT(309-317) DNA(3474..3500)	Pol Epitope Map
Author Location	RT(309-317)
Epitope	`ILKEPVHGV`	Epitope Alignment
Epitope Name	IV9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
Responses to epitope IV9 were seen in early chronic infection.

References

Displaying record number 54560

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HXB2 Location	gp160(121-129) gp120(121-129) DNA(6585..6611)	gp160 Epitope Map
Author Location	Env(121-129)
Epitope	`KLTPLCVTL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
One patient developed a response to epitope KLTPLCVTL after primary infection at early chronic infection. This was one of the epitopes targeted by broad HLA-A2-restricted CTL responses.

References

Displaying record number 54561

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HXB2 Location	gp160(192-200) gp120(192-200) DNA(6798..6824)	gp160 Epitope Map
Author Location	Env(192-200)
Epitope	`RLISCNTSV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54562

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HXB2 Location	gp160(311-320) gp120(311-320) DNA(7155..7184)	gp160 Epitope Map
Author Location	Env(311-320)
Epitope	`RGPGRAFYTT`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54563

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HXB2 Location	gp160(813-822) gp41(302-311) DNA(8661..8690)	gp160 Epitope Map
Author Location	Env(813-822)
Epitope	`SLLNATAIAV`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
Responses to epitope SLLNATAIAV were seen in early chronic infection. This was one of the epitopes targeted by broad HLA-A2-restricted CTL responses.

References

Displaying record number 54564

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HXB2 Location	Nef(83-91) DNA(9043..9069)	Nef Epitope Map
Author Location	Nef(83-91)
Epitope	`AAVDLSHFL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	AL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
The AL9 epitope AAVDLSHFL elicited a potent CTL response while its minor variant AAVDiSHFL containing substitution L87I at position 5 elicited a less intense response, resulting in the L87I variant later dominating the viral population. This is a novel viral adaptation to an HLA-A2 restricted immune response discovered in Nef epitope AL9. In later longitudinal studies, more variants were seen either linked - AAVDirHFL - or not linked with the L87I mutant. Two new mutants seen were the A83G at position 1, gAlDLSHFL and gArDLSHFL; and the V85L at position 3, AAlDLSHFL, AAlDiSHFL, AAlDiSHlL. Amino acid positions 83, 85, 97 and 91 were under positive selection pressure.
Responses to AL9 were seen in early chronic infection.

References

Displaying record number 54578

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HXB2 Location	Nef(92-100) DNA(9070..9096)	Nef Epitope Map
Author Location	Nef(92-100)
Epitope	`KEKGGLEGL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	KL9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*40)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
A minor response was detected against an E98D variant of this epitope, KEKGGLdGL.

References

Displaying record number 54565

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HXB2 Location	Nef(137-145) DNA(9205..9231)	Nef Epitope Map
Author Location	Nef(137-145)
Epitope	`LTFGWCFKL`	Epitope Alignment
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.

References

Displaying record number 54566

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HXB2 Location	Nef(180-189) DNA(9334..9363)	Nef Epitope Map
Author Location	Nef(180-189)
Epitope	`VLEWRFDSRL`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	VL10
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(A*02)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
This epitope, VLEWRFDSRL, was primarily recognized as wild type. Other variants seen were VLEWRFDSsL, VLEWRFgSRL and the 184K emerging variant VLEWkFDSRL. Position 184 fell under 2 overlapping CTL responses restricted by HLAs A2 and B15.
In Table 2, epitope VLvWRFDSRL is printed as the epitope studied. We chose to record the epitope as VLEWRFDSRL seen twice elsewhere in this paper, as it is more commonly annotated as such in the literature.

References

Displaying record number 54581

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HXB2 Location	Nef(183-191) DNA(9343..9369)	Nef Epitope Map
Author Location	Nef(183-191)
Epitope	`WRFDSRLAF`	Epitope Alignment
		Show epitope variants
Epitope Name	WF9
Subtype	B
Species (MHC/HLA)	human(B*15)
Immunogen	HIV-1 infection
Country	United States
Experimental methods	Intracellular cytokine staining, Other
Keywords	rate of progression, escape, mutation acquisition

Notes

To correlate evolving HIV-1 populations with HLA-A2 restricted immune responses for epitopes in Gag, Pol, Env and Nef, 11 treatment-naive subjects were longitudinally studied. Results show that increased viral load is often associated with broad CTL responses early in infection that persist as an "immunological footprint". Conversely, early, restricted responses may help limit viral load. Phylogenetic and functional evidence of viral escape is seen in Gag, Nef and Pol. Gag and Nef show flanking epitope changes restricted by non-HLA-A2 alleles. As far as modes of viral adaptation, CTL responses were seen to develop both against static viral populations resulting in viral evolution to HLA-A2 as well as against existing mutants resulting in reselection of consensus B-like variants. This study reinforces that CTL immune responses detected are not necessarily beneficial to patients, but may be "footprints" from early effective responses that the virus has since escaped.
No CTL responses were detected against the WF9 epitope, WRFDSRLAF. A 184K variant, WkFDSRLAF was found, that did elicit a potent HLA-B15 restricted immune response. Sporadic changes were seen in WF9 to WkFDSRLA (R185K).